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About the Author

Simone de Beauvoir

(1908–1986)
Simone de Beauvoir was a French writer, philosopher, and social theorist, and one of the most influential figures of 20th-century existentialism and feminist thought. Born in Paris in 1908, she studied at the Sorbonne and became one of the youngest philosophy teachers in France at just 21. She is best known for The Second Sex (1949), a landmark work on women's oppression that laid the groundwork for modern feminist theory, alongside acclaimed novels such as She Came to Stay and The Mandarins. Across her career she wrote novels, essays, memoirs, and philosophical works exploring freedom, ethics, and the human condition. She remained a central voice in French intellectual life until her death in Paris in 1986.